Invoicea Juros-AI product

What a compliant invoice must show in Germany.

The fields, the party identifiers, the exact statutory wording for each tax treatment and the EUR rule — each cited to the statute or the tax authority, not a summary of one.

Tax figure in EUR Legal format Factur-X / ZUGFeRD (PDF/A-3 + XML) Requires a structured e-invoice

What the invoice must show

The content Germany's rules put on the face of the document, beyond the parties, line items and totals every invoice carries.

Document title
Rechnung Invoice
Tax shown in
EUR
Date of supply
Mandatory on every invoice
Payment terms
Due date or payment terms required

How each party is identified

The registration numbers and their formats the Germany rules expect on the invoice.

Seller
USt-IdNr. VAT id · DE + 9 digits · always
Seller
Steuernummer tax number (alternative to USt-IdNr.) · 10–13 digits · instead of the VAT id
Seller
Handelsregister commercial register + court · e.g. HRB 12345, Amtsgericht München · companies
Seller
Rechtsform legal form · GmbH, AG, UG, e.K.… · companies
Seller
Geschäftsführer / Vorstand managing directors · names · companies
Seller
Ansprechpartner contact person (XRechnung BR-DE-5) · XRechnung (B2G)
Seller
Telefon contact telephone (XRechnung BR-DE-6) · XRechnung (B2G)
Seller
E-Mail contact e-mail (XRechnung BR-DE-7) · name@company.de · XRechnung (B2G)
Buyer
USt-IdNr. des Leistungsempfängers buyer VAT id · DE + 9 digits · when registered for the tax

The exact wording, by tax treatment

When no tax is charged, the invoice has to say why — in the words the law names. Each is linked to the statute or tax authority it was read from.

Steuerschuldnerschaft des Leistungsempfängers (§ 13b UStG)Reverse charge — VAT payable by the recipient
Intra-Community supplystatute ↗
Steuerfreie innergemeinschaftliche Lieferung (§ 4 Nr. 1b i. V. m. § 6a UStG)VAT exempt intra-Community supply
Steuerfreie Ausfuhrlieferung (§ 4 Nr. 1a i. V. m. § 6 UStG)VAT exempt export
Steuerfreie Leistung gemäß § 4 UStGVAT exempt supply (§ 4 UStG)
Out of scopestatute ↗
Nicht steuerbar in Deutschland — Leistungsort im Ausland (§ 3a UStG)Not taxable in Germany — place of supply abroad
Foreign seller (import)statute ↗
Keine deutsche Umsatzsteuer — Lieferung aus dem Drittland; die Einfuhrumsatzsteuer entrichtet der Einführer (§ 1 Abs. 1 Nr. 4, § 21 UStG)VAT not charged — supply outside the scope of German VAT; import VAT is accounted for on importation by the importer (Art. 2(1)(d), 30, 70 and 201, Directive 2006/112/EC).
The client's step: XRechnung/ZUGFeRD is the domestic B2B format (receipt mandatory since 2025, issue from 2027/2028); sending it to a public body needs the buyer's Leitweg-ID — the client supplies it.

§ 14 Abs. 4 UStG: Name/Anschrift beider Parteien, Steuernummer oder USt-IdNr., Ausstellungsdatum, fortlaufende Nummer, Menge und Art, Zeitpunkt der Lieferung, Entgelt nach Steuersätzen, Steuersatz und Steuerbetrag oder Hinweis auf Steuerbefreiung; § 14a: Pflichtwortlaute; Kleinbetrag ≤ 250 €.

The format, and who sends it

Germany requires a structured e-invoice — a plain PDF is not the legal document.

Legal format(s)
Factur-X / ZUGFeRD (PDF/A-3 + XML) · XRechnung (UBL) · PDF invoice
Transmission
A clearance platform or accredited channel — the seller's own step (see above)

Don't just look these rules up. Generate them.

Invoice by Juros-AI builds the Germany e-invoice — Factur-X / ZUGFeRD (PDF/A-3 + XML) or XRechnung (UBL) — and checks it against the official schema on your own machine before anything is sent. Invoice by Juros-AI reads any invoice into clean data and is adding compliant invoice creation — the same rules on this page, built into the engine, run entirely on your own hardware. No cloud, nothing uploaded, no figure invented.

Talk to us about Germany invoicing → or see the product — free to evaluate, no account

Every generated invoice is validated on your machine against the official artefacts — the OASIS UBL/CII schemas, the CEN EN 16931 schematron, Peppol BIS 3.0, KoSIT XRechnung, FatturaPA, KSeF FA(3) and the Peppol PINT packages. This page is a reference for build scoping; it is not legal or tax advice.

Invoice rules for other markets